Bahasa Inggris Rumus Tenses dan Contoh Kalimatnya

16 TENSES

1. Simple Present Tenses

Usage:

Stating a habit (habitual action) or activities that occur over and over - again and again and again. Stating a general truth.

Formulas :

(+) S + V1 + es/s + Object

(- ) S + do/does + not + V1 + Object

(? ) do/does + s + V1 + Object?

Examples:

·         My sister lives in Bali Luhur.

·         My sister does not live in Palembang.

·         Does my sister live in Jakarta ?

·         The sun rises in the east.

·         The sun does not rise in the west.

Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang bersifat tetap, kebiasaan atau kebenaran yang hakiki. Karena sering menyangkut kejadian diwaktu lamapu, sekarang dan akan datang, Tenses ini paling sedikit mempunyai keterangan waktu tertentu.

Simple Present Tense dipakai ketika:

·         Kejadiannya bersifat umum, atau

·         Terjadi sepanjang waktu, atau kebiasaan di masa lampau, sekarang dan masa yang akan datang, atau

·         Kejadiannya tidak hanya terjadi sekarang, atau

·         Bersifat kebenaran umum, yang orang lain tidak dapat menyangkal lagi akan kebenarannya.

2. Present Continuous Tense

Usage:

To declare an ongoing activity (now) or around the time of the conversation (around the time speaking).

Formulas:

( + ) s + is/am/are + V – ing

( -  ) s + is/am/are + not + V – ing

( ? ) is/am/are + s + V – ing

Examples :

·         I’m studying structure now.

·         I’m not studying Indonesian now.

·         Am I studying Math now ?

·         We are eating breakfast at six o’clock now.

·         Toni is not studying English now.

Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu tindakan yang benar-benar sedang dilakukan saat ini. Kalimat-kalimat dalam Tenses ini lebih sering dipakai dari pada present Tenses.

Tense ini dipakai untuk menjelaskan tentang:

·         Kejadian yang sedang terjadi sekarang, atau

·         Kejadian yang akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang

  

3. Present Perfect Tense

Usage:

To declare an act, events that happened in the past and still nothing to do with present or to show an event that completed in a short time (just finished).

Formulas :

( + ) s + have/has + V3 + Object

( – ) s + have/has + not + V3 + Object

( ? ) have/has + s + V3 + Object ?

Examples :

·         Winny has eaten lunch.

·         Ketut has not eaten lunch.

·         Has Nopri eaten lunch ?

·         They have know each other for along time.

·         I and my girl friend have not met for along time.

Tense ini digunakan untuk:

·         Pengalaman

·         Perubahan

·         Situasi Yang berkelanjutan

Atau untuk menunjukan suatu peristiwa yang selesai pada waktu yang singkat (baru selesai)  

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Usage:

to declare an activity that started in the past and is still ongoing and there may still be ongoing

Formulas:

( + ) s + have/has + been + V – ing

( – ) s + have/has + not + been + V – ing

( ? ) have/has + s + been + V – ing ?

Examples :

·         Jack has been staying in hospital since his accident

·         Jack has not been staying in hospital.

·         Has jack been staying in hospital since his accident ?

·         Ketut has been talking to Willy on the phone for twenty minutes.

·         Andre and Merry have not been talking since may.

Kita menggunakan Tense ini untuk menjelaskan:

·         Satu kejadian/kegiatan yang baru saja berlangsung

·         Satu perbuatan yang berlangsung hingga sekarang (pada saat bicara masih terjadi)

5. Simple Past Tense

Usage:

To express an activity that occurs at a point in the past.

Formulas:

( + ) s + V2 + Object

( – ) s + did + not + V1 + Object

( ? ) did + s + V1 + Object?

Examples :

·         My father went to Spain last year.

·         My mother did not go to Spain.

·         Did my sister go to Spain last year ?

·         I ate breakfast this morning.

·         My friend did not eat breakfast this morning.

Kita memakai Tense ini untuk membicarakan tentang satu perbuatan yang terjadi di masa lampau.

6. Past Continuous Tense

Usage:

To express an ongoing activity in the past when other activities occur / interrupt.

Formulas:

( + ) s + was/were + V – ing

( – ) s + was/were + not + V – ing

( ? ) was/were + s + V – ing ?

Examples :

·         I was reading book when father watched TV.

·         I was not eating when my mother ate lunch.

·         Was I studying when my friend invited me ?

·         When you were waiting me I sent the letter.

·         Candra was not waiting me when I went to the toilet.

Kapan kita menggunakan Tense ini?
Tense ini menggambarkan suatu tindakan atau kejadian pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau.

7. Past Perfect Tense

Usage:

To declare an act that is completed events done in the past or explain an events which first occurred between the two in question.

Formulas :

( + ) s + had + v3

( – ) s + had + not + v3

( ? ) had + s + v3

Examples :

·         Rina had eaten when we called at to her house.

·         Tina had not come when I called her.

·         Had Tina heared when I called her ?

·         I had been at School when Jhonly went to my house.

·         I had not been at home when my friend came.

Kapan kita menggunakan Past Perfect Tense?

Tense ini mengekspresikan tindakan di masa lalu sebelum tindakan lain terjadi, namun kejadiannya di masa lampau.

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Usage:

To declare an act or event that has been started in the past and is still going on in the past also.

Formulas:

( + ) s + had + been + V – ing

( – ) s + had + not + been + V – ing

( ? ) had + s + been + V – ing ?

Examples :

·         They had been singing when we studied dancing.

·         They had not been eating when we ate lunch.

·         Had they been studying when we studied English ?

·         Willy went to the market When her mother had been cooking rice.

·         Willy had not been cooking when her mother cooked rice.

Kapan Kita menggunakan Past Perfect Continuous Tense?

Tense ini sama pemakaiannya dengan Past Perfect Tense, namun mengekspresikan tindakan-tindakan yang lebih lama di masa lampau sebelum tindakan lain terjadi.

9. Simple Future Tense

Usage:

To declare an act or event that will be done at the time will come.

Formulas:

( + ) s + shall/will + V1

( – ) s + shall/will + not + V1

( ? ) shall/will + s + V1

Examples :

·         I will go to Surabaya tomorrow.

·         My mother shall not follow me.

·         Will you follow me ?

·         Jim and Tom will give me a book.

·         Toni shall not give me a book.

Kapan kita mengunakan Simple Future Tense?

a. Tidak Ada Rencana Sebelumnya atau Menyatakan perbuatan/kejadian yang akan dilakukan pada waktu yang akan datang

contoh :

• Hold on. I‘ll get a pen.
b. Prediksi

Contoh:

• It will rain tomorrow.

KALIMAT NON-VERBAL

Ketika predikat suatu kalimat bukan kata kerja, maka gunakan be untuk menggantikan kata kerja tersebut.

Contoh:

• I‘ll be in London tomorrow.

Catatan: Ketika kita mempunyai rencana atau keinginan untuk melakukan suatu kegiatan di masa yang akan datang, maka gunakan be going to atau Present Continuous Tense untuk menggantikan will/shall.

10. Future Continuous Tense

Usage:

to declare an act or event that will be taking place at a time will come.

Formulas:

( + ) s + shall/will + be + v – ing

( – ) s + shall/will + not + be + V – ing

( ? ) shall/will + s + be + V – ing

Examples :

·         I will be studying if Winny come to night.

·         My young brother shall not be sleeping if my mother isn’t there.

·         Will they be going ?

·         Rudi will be arriving from Jakarta to night.

·         Shall Rudi be arriving from Jakarta to night ?

Kapan kita menggunakan Future Continuous Tense?

Tense ini menggambarkan suatu tindakan yang akan terjadi di waktu tertentu di masa yang akan datang.

11. Future Perfect Tense

Usage:

To declare an act or event that already started in the past and soon to be completed in time dating.

Formulas:

( + ) s + shall/will + have + V3

( – ) s + shall/will + not + have + V3

( ? ) shall/will + s + have + V3

Examples :

·         Tom and Tim will have finished their work by Monday.

·         Tom and Tim will not have finished their work by Sunday.

·         Will They have finished their work Tuesday ?

·         My sister shall have been at market.

·         Winny shall not have been at home when I arrived.

Kapan Kita Menggunakan Future Perfect Tense?

Tense ini kita pakai untuk menggambarkan suatu kegiatan yang akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang sebelum kegiatan lain terjadi.

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Usage:

To declare an act or event that already exist in the past but it is still possible to dillanjutkan at the time will come.

Formulas:

( + ) s + shall/will + have + been + V – ing

( – ) s + shall/will + not + have + been + V – ing

( ? ) shall/will + s + have + been + V – ing

Examples :

·         My father shall have been working in the office for five years by the end of the year.

·         My mother shall not have been cooking.

·         Shall she have been cooking ?

·         Tuti will have been staying in my house two weeks by the of this year.

·         Tommy will not have been studying by a hour.

Kapan kita memakai Future Perfect Continuous Tense?

Kita menggunakan Tense ini untuk membicarakan tentang suatu tindakan/kegiatan yang panjang sebelum beberapa saat di masa yang akan datang.

13. Past Future Tense

Usage:

To declare an act or event that will come done in the past.

Formulas:

( + ) s + should/would + V1

( – ) s + should/would + not + V1

( ? ) should/would + s + V1

Examples :

·         My parent would give me a new book the week before.

·         They would not give me a new book the next day.

·         Would they give me a new car the week before ?

·         Maya would come to my house the next day.

·         Mayang would not come to my house.

Untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan/peristiwa yang akan terjadi diwaktu lampau

14. Past Future Continuous Tense

Usage:

To declare an act or event that will be taking place the past.

Formulas:

( + ) s + should/would + be + V – ing

( – ) s + should/would + not + be + V – ing

( ? ) should/would + s + be + V – ing

Examples :

·         We would be meeting here at five yesterday.

·         We would not be meeting here at four yesterday.

·         Would us be meeting here at five yesterday ?

·         We should be helping them on Sunday last week.

·         We should not be helping them on Saturday last week.

Untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang sedang terjadi di waktu lampau.

15. Past Future Perfect Tense

Usage:

To declare an act of events that will come already in the past supposition that can not happen because it is definitely not fulfilled.

Formulas:

( + ) s + should/would + have + V3

( – )  s + should/would + not + have + V3

( ? )  should/would + s + have + V3

Examples :

·         You would have been success if you had worked hard.

·         You would not have been success if you had not worked hard.

·         Would you have been success if you had not worked hard ?

·         I should have come there if you had asked me.

·         I should not have come there if you had not asked me.

untuk menyatakan suatu prbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sedang terjadi di waktu lampau

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Usage:

To declare an act of events that will already be in progress at

the past.

Formulas:

( + )  s + should/would + have + been + V – ing

( – )   s + should/would + not + have + been + V – ing

( ? )  should/would + s + have + been + V – ing

Examples :

·         My brother should have been working there for two years by the end of this year.

·         My sister should not have been working there.

·         Should Andreas have been studying at Tridinanti for 2 two years by the end of this year ?

·         Mr. Ketut would have been teaching English for three months by the end of this months.

·         Would I have been studying English for two years by the end of this year ?

Untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan/peristiwa yang akan sedang terjadi di waktu lampau

DOWNLOAD FILENYA DISINI

Download Format Word

loading...

Share this

dede wijaya